Leaving Konitz for Rostock and Beyond

Notes written by Herbert Buza upon leaving Konitz (now Chojnice)in Poland at the end of January, 1945. Leaving Konitz is one of the most vivid memories I have of the war period. It was a very cold night and we went to the train station on sleds as the ground was frozen and there was snow on the ground. It was a bright moonlit night with the moon shining reflecting brightly on the snow with the railroad cars in front of us. (I checked the internet for the moon phases for January 1945 and sure enough - at the end of January there was a full moon.) Notes by Arnis Buza in Italics.

January 28, 1945

Goodbye Konica, Mr.Lgf---nobody more. I also gave Sendeleva a kiss. She is easy to get along with as is the nature of her people. Thanks to God who has guided us so far and allowed us to meet such people as Kuenicke and Bachman. Only God's mercy has gotten us this far and us to be so lucky. If something bad has happened it has turned out happily and we are so far that now we are sitting in a warm heated wagon, sitting on a bed. Our fugitive travels are starting again. Our flight travels so far could be broken down into several chapters:

1. From Meri to Purmikeli

2. From Purmikeli to War Front Kitchen

3. From War Front Kitchen to Danzig/Gottenhafen

4. From Gottenhafen to Konitz

5. From Konitz - in an unknown direction into unknown lands

If I were to write about my life so my children could have a remembrance of it, I could segregate it into two periods:

1. Happy life in my native land where my children were born.

2. Life after entering strange unknown lands

a. How we left our father's homes

b. With the Warfront Kitchen

c. In the Transit Camp

d. In Konitz

January 29-30, 1945

We rode all night. Last night we left Konitz in the dark. My heart seemed to get lighter/easier as we left Konitz. It was fearful to stand in the wagon on the tracks and wait for the train locomotive, just like that night when we loaded into the Warfront Kitchen. (In Latvia we were in a train station waiting for the train which never came because the town was being overrun by the Russian army. If it hadn’t been for the meeting with the German Kitchen unit we wouldn't be here.) In this wagon it is warm and comfortable. A heated wagon with beds in the upper story. I experienced a wonderful moment last night. Everything is dark and I have fallen asleep. I wake when someone in a strong voice is praying to God for all who are in the wagon, for all the refugees, for all that are traveling. I knew already that in our midst was a German minister from Estonia. That was wonderful as he vocalized everyone's quiet prayers. We rode all night. Towards morning we stopped and others said that somewhere over the fields by the prison barracks. Then the train moved forwards and then backwards and in the morning light the train was standing on the tracks opposite a station marked Libusch. (I believe that the station was called Liebusch and that after the war is now known as Lipusz. If this is the village we went thru in 1945 then our route took us 51km north fron Konitz and then another 100+ km's to Bobolice and Swidwin.) From the small window over the bed you can see houses and a village with a church. When we noticed a coal wagon on the other tracks we all hurried to get more coal as our supply was running low. We found out that this wagon with the heating and other comforts such as the beds had become available to us by total chance. The railway men had arranged this wagon for their own departure but the wagons needed to be switched around and the railway workers had to remain behind until the last. Someone is saying that the tracks ahead are cut and we will have to return to Konic. Whatever God wants will happen. I however have a strong belief that all will go with luck for us until the wars end which we will survive. How can you doubt when all has turned out so well so far. In Germany the status is horrible but what will become of the people? Will the victors treat them like the evacuees are treated in Germany? Will they force educated women to leave their children in the nursery and force them to work with tools on the railway tracks. I feel bad for Petja. She and her mother had to work all day and then work at night in the trenches and then get up in the morning and go. (I have no knowledge of who Petja was but I suspect that it was someone that my father came in contact with along the way.) I do not know how the German women would endure this in comparison with the stronger Russian women. What lays ahead for anybody who survives and remains alive?

Notes written by my mother Irma Buza after leaving Konitz.

My gratitude is without boundaries. I am entirely at peace. I was at peace entirely wrapped in many blankets and sitting. And then came the most wonderful thing - Herbet had found the heated wagon with all the comforts.

 

February 1, 1945

We ate not moving forwards. We have stood in place for at least 20 hours and maybe more. For two nights and a day we have been close to the town of Stivelbein in Pomerania.(I did some research and did find a town called Schivelbein-German version, it has now been renamed in Polish to Swidwin. I strongly suspect that this is the place as it is in a general line with our route from Konitz to Rostock.) Two days ago from early morning until the afternoon we stood in the station Bublitz. Herbert is very resourceful. With the food card he acquired bread and potatoes. (There is mention of the food cards and sausage, cheese, and butter but I believe that these things were indicated on the food ration cards but there is no mention that Herbert acquired any of these items.) It is good to be out of the wind. I do not permit myself to leave the train. I did go only once and then to the kitchen and got milk soup for the children. Eating is pitiful. Who knows how long the train will stay in place and thus we have to make do with what we have. The train can only move when the tracks are clear and thus we sit and sit here. Here are two women with three children who have nothing to eat. The children are crying but we and others also have nothing to give. The minister said that we each have been given two limitless talents: 1. Breathe fresh air and 2. help each other. If he wants to help let him help. Nobody has much and we all must eat. (There are a few sentences before this last one that I chose not to include - they are out of context but I will just mention that they do express her despair with the food situation. She also had to feed two children. I do not feel that I could fully explain her feelings at that time.)However I feel very good sitting in a heated wagon in the upper story by a window. Others have no beds, others are downstairs in darkness. There are cold wagons also. This is Gods mercy that led us here. Sunday we sat in this wagon and have ridden and stood still for four days. One of the railroad workers came in the car and said that now we are 30 kilometers from the front lines, in the front where everything is turning. How can you foretell how it will turn out. How can you escape the fires of the front? I want to survive the end of the war so badly that thoughts about survival have almost become mechanical in nature - we will survive. In our situation we have suffered but we have suffered little in in comparison to the people in the camps. Living conditions have been hard but we have eaten and given these conditions it has been enough. Everything can be overcome if one has health and something to eat.

Herbert is baking potatoes in the coal ashes. (Grandma always talked about how good these potatoes were) We will eat those for three days. It will be interesting, the food cards have expired, who will give us new cards and how will we get food. We will go where the train takes us. We are warm.

If I was in the situation of those women I would leave the train. We are in Pomerania where there are many Latvians. And if you have relatives here as they do it is not important where your remain. All you have to do is find the relatives from wherever you are.

The evacuation of Konitz took place in the coldest time. In one night they removed the bodies of 40 frozen children. What doesn't the nation endure? But it must endure. One has to keep fighting and win.

The women without food however say that they are worse off than the prisoners. The prisoners are at least given food while they get nothing.

Here ends any direct writings by either of my parents during this time. I being only 5+ years do not remember much of this journey other than the small pieces that flashed in my eyes. Generaly dramatic incidents.  I do not know what route we took after Swidwin towards Rostock and ultimately Lubeck. I have vague recollections of hearing my father talk about going thru Stettin to Rostock but I have nothing to solidify that claim. From reading wartime history I learned that Konitz fell to the Russian army on February 15,1945 and Danzig(Gdansk) fell at the end of March, 1945. While the main Russian drive was for Berlin, the north of Pomerania and Prussia did not get the full impact of the advancing Russian army. This gave us the opportunity to keep moving west. We litterally stopped moving when the Russian army stopped. Lubeck and Travemunde were very close to the border of Russian occupied Germany which later became East Germany.

It would be great if notes could be found for the time period between leaving Purmikeli and the meeting up with the German Army Field kitchen, as well as the periods between Gdansk to Konitz and the conclusion of the journey between Konitz and Lubeck.

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